Twelve Ways to Create Barriers to Competitors
Harvard Business Review
MAY 20, 2011
Proprietary technology. Diamond's (formerly P&G's) Pringles, Prius' Hybrid Synergy Drive, and Dreyer's Slow Churned Ice Cream all have technologies not easily copied. IKEA, Starbucks, eBay, and Apple's iPod all have scale economies often based on first mover status that provide ongoing competitive advantages. Investment.
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